References
Álvarez-Verdugo, M. 2006. “Mixing Tools against Proliferation: The EU’s Strategy for Dealing with Weapons of Mass Destruction”, in: European Foreign Affairs Review 11 (3): 417–38.
Arslanian, F. 2023. “The impact of economic sanctions on nuclear non-proliferation: The case of Iran (2005-15)”, in: International Spectator 58 (4): 16–35.
Bailey, M. A., Strezhnev, A., & Voeten, E. (2017). Estimating dynamic state preferences from United Nations voting data. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 61(2), 430–456. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002715595700
Blavuokos, S. /Bourantonis, D./Portela, C. (eds). 2015. The EU and the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Palgrave-MacMillan: Basingstoke.
Council of the European Union. 2003. Fight against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction – EU strategy against proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, 15708/03, Brussels.
Dee, M. 2012. “Explaining EU Performance in the NPT Review Conferences: Limited Ambitions but Pragmatic Positioning”, in: UNISCI Journal 30.
Dee, M. 2023. “EU Orchestration in the Nuclear Weapons Regime Complex”, in: Politics and Governance 11 (2): 39–48.
Degrand-Guillaud, A. 2009. “Actors and mechanisms of EU coordination at the UN”, in: European Foreign Affairs Review 14: 405-430.
Grip, L. 2009. “The EU Non-Proliferation Clause: A Preliminary Assessment”, SIPRI Background Paper, Solna: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Grip, L. 2011. “Mapping the European Union’s Institutional Actors related to WMD Non-proliferation”, Non-proliferation Paper no. 1, Stockholm: SIPRI.
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Kienzle, B. 2013. “A European Contribution to Non-Proliferation? The EU WMD Strategy at Ten”, in: International Affairs 89 (5): 1143–59.
Kienzle, B./Vestergaard, C. 2013. “The Non-Proliferation Regimes”, in: Jørgensen, K.E./Laatikainen, K.V. (eds) Routledge Handbook on the European Union and International Institutions: Performance, Policy, Power. Abingdon: Routledge, 371–88.
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Further reading and information
Further reading:
Bauer, S.; Bromley, M. 2016: The dual-use export control policy review. Balancing security, trade and academic freedom in a changing world, EU Non-Proliferation Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 48.
Blavoukos, S.; Bourantonis, D., Portela, C. (eds.) 2015: The EU and the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Strategies, Policies, Actions, Palgrave Macmillan.
Cronberg, T. 2016: The great balancing act. EU policy choices during the implementation of the Iran deal, EU Non-Proliferation Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 50.
Council of the European Union 2003: EU strategy against proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, 15708/03.
Council of the European Union 2003: Fight against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction - Mainstreaming non-proliferation policies into the EU’s wider relations with third countries, 14997/03.
Council of the European Union 2018: Council Conclusions on the Adoption of an EU Strategy Against Illicit Firearms, Small Arms & Light Weapons & Their Ammunition, 13581/18.
Duquet, N. 2019: The 2018 EU SALW Strategy: Towards an Integrated and Comprehensive Approach, EU Non-Proliferation Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 62.
European Union 2016: Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe. A Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign And Security Policy.
Grip, L. 2014: The European Union’s weapons of mass destruction non-proliferation clause. A 10-year assessment, EU Non-Proliferation Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 40.
Grip, L. 2011: Mapping the European Union’s institutional actors related to WMD non-proliferation, EU Non-Proliferation Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 1.
Kienzle, B. 2024: An Overstrained Actor? The European Union and the Challenges of Nuclear Non-proliferation and Arms Control. In: EU Foreign Policy in a Fragmenting International Order. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland: 233-261.
Kulesa, Ł. 2020: The Crisis of Nuclear Arms Control and its Impact on European Security, EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 66.
Lundin, L. E. 2017: The European Union and Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Follow-On to the Global Strategy?, EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Consortium, Non-Proliferation Papers, no. 58.
Portela, C. 2021: The EU’s Arms Control Challenge. Bridging nuclear divides, European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS), Chaillot Paper 166.
Further Information about the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and EU-Initiatives on Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation:
CFSP explained on the Website of the European Commission, “What we do”: https://fpi.ec.europa.eu/what-we-do/common-foreign-and-security-policy_en (last accessed 17.02.2025)
European Union External Action on Disarmament, Non-Proliferation and Arms export control: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/disarmament-non-proliferation-and-arms-export-control-0_en (last accessed 17.02.2025)
European Union External Action on “The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)”: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/treaty-non-proliferation-nuclear-weapons-npt_en (last accessed 17.02.2025)
Opening Statement of the Delegation of the European Union to the UN and other international organisations in Geneva on the Conference on Disarmament: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/conference-disarmament-eu-opening-statement_en (last accessed 17.02.2025)